People experience contact to stressful situations very often. The causes of stressful situation may be different depending on usual daily operations and unexpected external events. Stress has a role of a warning mechanism in the body, for instance several behavioural, immunological, and neuron chemical modifications occur that originally are supposed to function as adaptive capacity. But if stress is long-lasting, a human body might become defenceless to pathology, natural changes in the body themselves often have an unpleasant result for the organism if they are faced for a long time.
Organism’s reaction to a worrying situation differs depending on the type of a stressor together with its level of predictability, subject’s organic factors such as genetics, gender, age, previous stressor experiences and history. Stress can also cause the increased use of drugs and alcohol resulting from an effort of a person to help himself to avoid the consequences of stressors.
There is a doubt whether a stress response is adaptive for continued existence in present-day environment because there is a huge variety of adverse effects of pressure on human body above all if a stressing event is long-term.
The global effect of any stress is the liberation of adrenal hormones which cause the stress adaptation and producing stimuli. The general adjustment syndrome has been invented to give explanation how the body reacts on stress. The three major stages in this process are: the alarm stage, when the body is informed about a difference in the surrounds, that is in fact a stress response; the second stage is confrontation, and it is followed by overtiredness. Stress related syndromes appear during the resistance period, which is the effect of adaptation.
It has been decided that the stress reaction is an adaptive system that is planned to take care of the stability of the biological and psychological operation in response to a trial. It should further pointed out, that not every stress response is adaptive in life, since the short term settlement resulting from momentary body recruitment have long term difficult consequences. And a number of body answers to challenges may have insignificant value and have no adaptive meaning whatsoever but still stay the part of the whole stress response.
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